Kidneys

Incidence

Prevalence in

Age: Old age

Sex: Male

Disease: Diabetes, Heart failure

Pathology

Exact not known

In some researches it has been found that virus have direct effects and indirect effects

In direct effect it acts on kidney’s tubular and endothelial cells

Indirect effect is by doing restrictive fluid strategy it induces cytokine release and kidney hypo-perfusion

Pathological finding:

Acute tubular necrosis

Presentation

• Oliguria (3rd day)
• Anuria (4th day)
• Rhabdomyolysis
• Metabolic acidosis
• Hyperkaliemia
• Acute kidney injury associated with respiratory failure
• Acute Kidney Injury with cold feet and hands with mottled skin and dry necrosis of three toes (4) (found in 1 patient)

Investigation

• Interluckin-6
• Cytokine
• Serum Creatinine
• Serum LDH (Lactate dehydrogenase)
• CT scan- Multiple wedge shaped kidney infarctions

Sources

• Liver and Kidney Injuries in COVID-19 and Their Effects on Drug Therapy
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7211673/
• Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with covid-19
• Link : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32416116/
• Kidney involvement in covid-19 and rationale for extracorporeal therapies
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7144544/
• Kidney infraction in patients with covid-19
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7258815/
• Acute renal impairment in coronavirus-associated sever acute respiratory syndrome
• Link : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15673319/
• Extrapulmonary manifestations of covid-19: radiologic and clinical overview
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7233216/
• Nasal, pharyngeal and laryngeal endoscopy procedures during covid-19 pandemic: available recommendations from national and international societies
• Link : https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00405-020-06028-1
• Covid-19 in otolaryngologist practice: A review of current Knowledge
• Link : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32306118/
• The covid19 Pandemic and the ENT Specialist Area: what is currently important?
• Link : https://www.thieme-connect.com/products/ejournals/abstract/10.1055/a-1095-2344
• A new symptom of Covid-19: loss of taste and smell
• Link : : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7228286/
• The importance of olfactory and gustatory disorders as early symptoms of coronavirus disease (Covid-19)
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7184007/
• Presentation of new onset anosmia during thecovid-19 pandemic
• Link : https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/32277751/Presentation_of_new_onset_anosmia_during_the_COVID_19_pandemic_
• Hearing loss and covid-19:A note
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7132500/
• Audiological profile of asymptomatic Covid-19 PCR-Positie Cases
• Link : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32307189/
• Covid-19 and hearing difficulties
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7166300/
• Vertigo and hearing loss during the covid-19 pandemic- is there an association?
• Link : https://www.actaitalica.it/article/view/820
• Hearing loss: An odd Coid-19 Symptom we Overlooked
• Link : https://medium.com/swlh/hearing-loss-an-odd-covid-19-symptom-we-overlooked-6cdf81a5e70
• Interium guidelines for collecting, handling and testing clinical specimens for COVID-19
• Link : https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/lab/guidelines-clinical-specimens.html
• Pathogenesis of CoVID-19 From a cell Biologic Perspective
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7144260/
• Detection of sever acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 in tears of patient with coronavirus disease 2019
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7232592/
• Characteristics of ocular findings of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in Hubei province china
• Link : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32232433/
• Corona virus disease-19 presenting as conjunctivitis: atypically high risk during a pandemic
• Link : https://www.contactlensjournal.com/article/S1367-0484(20)30083-7/pdf
• Extrapulmonary manifestations of Covid-19:Radiologic and Clinical Overview
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7233216/
• Covid -19: preliminary clinical guidelines for ophthalmology practices
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7141793/
• Covid-19: An opthalmological Update
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7189394/
• Conjunctivitis can be the only presenting sign and symptom of covid19
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7195291/
• Diagnostic impacts of sign and symptoms in acute infectious conjunctivitis: systematic literature search
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC214099/
• Evaluation of coronavirus in tears and conjuctival secretions of patients with SARS Cov-2 Infection
• Link : https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32100876/
• Ophthalmic manifestations of coronavirus (COVID-19)
• Link : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556093/